ASTM A192 Elbow|ASTM A192 U Bends
ASTM A192 Elbow
ASTM A192 elbows are seamless carbon steel fittings used in high-pressure boiler systems. Sunny Steel offers elbows with 90/45 degrees, LR/SR, and full traceability.
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Description
ASTM A192 elbow is a type of pipe fitting that is widely used in industries such as oil and gas, chemical, petrochemical, and power generation. This fitting is part of the ASTM A192 specification, which covers wrought carbon steel and alloy steel fittings of seamless and welded construction. These fittings are used for moderate and high-temperature services.
The ASTM A192 elbow is a pipe fitting designed to change the direction of flow in a piping system. It is made from carbon steel and complies with the ASTM A192 standard, which specifies wrought carbon steel and alloy steel fittings for moderate and high-temperature service. These elbows are available in various angles, such as 45 degrees, 90 degrees, and 180 degrees, making them versatile for many industrial applications.
What is ASTM A192?
ASTM A192 is a standard specification for seamless carbon steel boiler tubes for high-pressure service. These tubes are designed for minimum wall thickness and high performance in pressure environments. The material has excellent mechanical properties and thermal resistance, making it suitable for power generation and industrial boiler applications.
Elbows for ASTM A192 Tubing
Elbows used with ASTM A192 tubes are typically manufactured through hot forming or cold bending processes to ensure they maintain seamless integrity and match the pipes wall thickness and material properties. Common elbow angles include 45 degrees and 90 degrees, and they can be long radius (LR) or short radius (SR), depending on installation requirements.
Types of ASTM A192 Elbows
Available in both Long Radius (LR) and Short Radius (SR) configurations for different flow requirements.
Available in both Long Radius (LR) and Short Radius (SR) configurations for directional changes.
Tailored solutions for specific application requirements and space constraints.
Applications
ASTM A192 elbows are widely used in the following industries:
- High-pressure boiler systems
- Power plants
- Heat exchangers
- Petrochemical plants
Manufacturing Standards
All elbows are produced according to international standards such as ASME B16.9, ensuring dimensional accuracy and high performance. Materials are strictly tested to meet ASTM A192 requirements, including chemical composition and mechanical properties.
Features of ASTM A192 Elbow
- High tensile strength and pressure resistance
- Excellent heat resistance
- Seamless construction for boiler use
- Corrosion resistance in steam and high-temperature environments
Inspection and Testing
ASTM A192 elbows are subject to strict quality control procedures including:
- Hydrostatic testing
- Non-destructive examination (NDE)
- Dimensional inspection
- Material certification
Supply Range
- Size: 1/2" to 24" NB
- Thickness: Sch 40 to Sch XXS
- Radius: Long Radius (1.5D), Short Radius (1D)
- End: Beveled, Plain
Technical Parameters
| Property | Specification |
|---|---|
| Material | ASTM A192 Carbon Steel |
| Standard | ASME B16.9 / ASTM A192 |
| Size Range | 1/2" - 24" |
| Wall Thickness | Sch 40 - Sch XXS |
| Connection | Beveled / Plain End |
| Bending Radius | 1D / 1.5D or custom |
What are pipe elbows?
Steel pipe elbow (sometimes also referred as bends) is a key part in a pressure piping system used to change the fluid flow direction. It is used to connect two pipes with same or different nominal diameters, and to make the pipe and thus the fluid direction turn to a certain direction of 45 degree or 90 degree.
Classification of Steel Pipe Elbows
Steel pipe elbows can be classified through following various parameters:
Based on the degree of directional change (45°, 90°, 180°)
Long radius (LR) and short radius (SR) elbows
Butt welded, socket welded, and threaded elbows
Carbon steel, stainless steel, alloy steel, etc.
Types of Elbows based on Direction Angle
According to fluid flow direction of the pipes, elbows can be divided into different degrees, such as 45 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree, which are most common elbows. Also there are 60 degree and 120 degree elbows for some special pipelines. This degree is just an representation of the angle by which the fluid flow is going to change after flowing through the said elbow.
What is a 5D elbow?
The welded elbows 5D (radius two and half diameter) are used to divert the flow of the pipes. 5D-welded elbows are useful to transport granular materials and powders. In France this type of elbow is also called coude grand rayon.
Types of Elbows based on Length and Radius
Radius is the same as pipe diameter (Center-to-Face dimension of 1.0 X diameter). Used normally for low pressure and low speed pipelines or in tight areas where clearance is the main issue.
Radius is larger than pipe diameter (Center-to-Face dimension of 1.5 X diameter). Used for high pressure and high flow rate pipelines.
Types of Elbows based on Connection with Pipe
Formed by hot pressing or forging. Directly welded to the pipe. Used for higher pressure and temperature applications.
Has a trapezoidal area at the end where pipe is inserted. The actual diameter of SW elbow end is greater than the elbow diameter.
Inner surface has machined threads. Easier to install and remove, good for pipeline repair and maintenance.
Types of Elbows based on Material of Construction
- Stainless Steel Elbow : ASTM A403 WP Gr. 304, 304H, 309, 310, 316, 316L, 317L, 321, 347, 904L
- Carbon Steel Elbow : ASTM A 234 WPB, WPBW, WPHY 42, WPHY 46, WPHY 52, WPH 60, WPHY 65 & WPHY 70.
- Low Temperature Carbon Steel Elbow : ASTM A420 WPL3, A420 WPL6
- Alloy Steel Elbow : ASTM / ASME A/SA 234 Gr. WP 1, WP 5, WP 9, WP 11, WP 12, WP 22, WP 91
- Duplex Steel Elbow : ASTM A 815, ASME SA 815 UNS NO S31803, S32205. Werkstoff No. 1.4462
- Nickel Alloy Elbow : ASTM / ASME SB 336 UNS 2200 ( NICKEL 200 ), UNS 2201 (NICKEL 201 ), UNS 4400 (MONEL 400 ), UNS 8020 ( ALLOY 20 / 20 CB 3, UNS 8825 INCONEL (825), UNS 6600 (INCONEL 600 ), UNS 6601 ( INCONEL 601 ), UNS 6625 (INCONEL 625), UNS 10276 ( HASTELLOY C 276 )
Some Other Types of Elbows
Used to join two pipes of different sizes. Combines a reducer and elbow in one fitting, reducing welding requirements.
Used to connect fractional tube to female tapered pipe thread.
Used to connect fractional tube to male NPT thread.
Steel Pipe Elbow Coating
Along with build quality, the longevity and reliability of steel pipe elbows are highly dependent on the type and quality of the coating used. However, applying coatings to pipe elbows is not just about preventing corrosion, but can affect the evenness of flow through the pipe and the need to prevent contamination of pipe contents (e.g. foodstuffs or drinking water). We offer corrosion resistance coating service for steel pipe elbow, our coating service includes light oiling, black painting, FBE coating, 2 layers or 3 layers PE coating, hot-dip galvanizing.
Standard
Pipe fitting dimensions are in either metric or Standard English.
Because pipe fitting covers several aspects, only the most common pipe fitting sizes can be given here. The most applied version is the 90° long radius and the 45° elbow, while the 90° short radius elbow is applied if there is too little space. The function of a 180° elbow is to change direction of flow through 180°. Both, the LR and the SR types have a center to center dimension double the matching 90° elbows. These fittings will generally be used in furnaces or other heating or cooling units.
General Standard
| Standard | Specification |
|---|---|
| ASTM A234 | Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and High Temperature Service |
| ASTM A420 | Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Low-Temperature Service |
| ASTM A234 WPB | ASTM A234 WPB refers to a specific grade of carbon steel pipe fittings, which are widely used in pressure piping and pressure vessel fabrication for service at moderate and elevated temperatures. |
| ASME B16.9 | ASME B16.9 Standard covers overall dimensions, tolerances, ratings, testing, and markings for factory-made wrought buttwelding fittings in sizes NPS 1⁄2 through NPS 48 (DN 15 through DN 1200). |
| ASME B16.28 | ASME B16.28 Standard covers ratings, overall dimensions, testing, tolerances, and markings for wrought carbon and alloy steel buttwelding short radius elbows and returns. |
| MSS SP-97 | MSS SP-97 Standard Practice covers essential dimensions, finish, tolerances, testing, marking, material, and minimum strength requirements for 90 degree integrally reinforced forged branch outlet fittings of buttwelding, socket welding, and threaded types. |
| ASTM A403 | Standard Specification for Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping Fittings. |